HOPE probation in Hawaii uses swift and certain, but modest sanctions, in response to probation violations (such as continued drug use or missed appointments). This presentation provides evidence on the implications of implementing a swift-and-certain sanctions approach in two states: Hawaii and Washington. October 2014 marks the 10-year anniversary of HOPE in Hawaii. This presentation profiles results from the long-term followup study of HOPE and will describe significant innovations/modifications to the program over the last decade.

A tight budget and concerns about the future of community corrections led Washington to pass a law in May 2012 that required the swift-and-certain model to be implemented statewide. The result was a massive expansion of a program that, until then, had been tested on only a small number of subjects in that state. This presentation describes: (1) the successes and challenges of the statewide rollout, (2) lessons learned around program design, and (3) new data on how the law is working in Washington.