Men have long been the dominant participants in the paid labor force, but a significant number of women joined them during the past 40 years. In the early 1970s, 43 percent of all women were wage earners. Today, nearly 6 in 10 women are working for pay. Much of this growth can be attributed to working mothers, who increased their numbers in the workforce by 50 percent over the past generation. Previous research demonstrates that, as more women entered the labor force, economic security increasingly became a family enterprise. This panel examines the evolving nature of women’s contributions to family well-being, both through wages and non-wage resources. The first paper, “Women’s Work: The Economic Mobility of Women across a Generation,” will provide a national overview of the changes in women’s workforce participation and wages by comparing women today with their mothers’ generation. While women’s contributions have helped many lower- and middle-income families move up the economic ladder, this research indicates that men’s wages play the most important role in family economic security. The second paper, “Shifting Breadwinning Patterns among Married Couples: The Great Recession and State-Level Influences,” will move beyond a national analysis and examine patterns in family earnings at the state level, specifically during the recent recession. The final paper, “Non-Wage Contributions to Women’s Work, Wealth, and Family Well-Being” will examine employer-provided resources, a key factor in helping families build and maintain wealth. While women’s non-wage contributions are often crucial to family finances and stability, women tend to be overrepresented in hourly and low-wage jobs with little or no access to benefits, consistent hours, and workplace flexibility. These papers consider many of the realities faced by women in the labor force: penalties for taking time out of the workforce to care for children and other family members, higher likelihood of working part-time or not at all, and domination of lower-wage sectors of the economy. However, women are also now entering and graduating from college at higher rates than men, and today’s youngest female workers are earning wages more on par with their male peers than ever before. Additionally, during the Great Recession, men experienced significantly more and longer unemployment than women did, marking a shift toward greater relevance of women’s contributions to their families’ economic well-being. By all estimates, the contribution and impact of women’s work on family wealth and well-being will continue to grow in importance for their families. Thus, a closer look at women’s roles in family economic security can help inform future research, policy decisions, and program design and implementation and may promote discussions about the nexus of work and family among employers and employees.